Acid Reflux Causes

 What Is Acid Reflux?

Acid reflux causes a condition that is often described as heartburn by the general public. It is known medically as gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD. This article answers the question what is acid reflux and explains acid reflux causes. It is intended to provide basic, introductory information about acid reflux to readers with no medical training or background.

Acid reflux causes

Acid reflux is caused by liquid content of the stomach backing up into the esophagus. This liquid contains stomach acid which can irritate and inflame the tissue of the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the esophagus in the chest area near the heart: thus the name "heartburn."

When acid from the stomach backs up in this way, it is described as "reflux."

The liquid might also contain a a digestive enzyme called pepsin, or in some cases, even bile from the duodenum (the area where the stomach attaches to the small intestine). These may have a role in causing acid reflux, although it is believed to be a lesser role.

Acid reflux causes discomfort in almost everyone at one time or another. But among those who suffer from GERD, the refluxed liquid contains a higher level of acid. The reflux also reaches a higher place in the esophagus, covering (and possibly damaging) a larger area of tissue.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a considered to be a chronic condition, although treatment and preventive steps may reduce its severity.

During the day, the effects of acid reflux are less likely to occur. When a person is standing upright, or sitting, any reflux is likely to be carried back to the stomach quickly by gravity.

Swallowing also carries saliva down the esophagus (saliva contains a natural bicarbonate which helps neutralize acid). Therefore acid reflux is more likely to occur when a person is asleep: gravity isn't a factor because the body is usually in a horizontal position, and swallowing stops. Therefore, refluxed liquid stays in the esophagus for a longer time.

Acid reflux causes discomfort more often in certain circumstances.

• Pregnancy. Elevated hormone levels trigger lower the pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter, which is the "valve" that keeps stomach acid from backing up into the esophagus.
• Certain diseases. Anyone who has a condition that weakens the esophageal muscles (like scleroderma or mixed connective tissue diseases) is more likely to develop GERD.

Click on remedies for acid reflux for additional information.